John B Rowe, PhD

            One way to know your archetypes is by paying attention to your bouts of depression or to your moods. Often, some image or some emotional-laden problem is crying out for attention. And as James Hillman (Re-visioning Psychology, 1997) reminds us, the voice of psyche is often first heard in our pathologies, our sufferings.

            Archetypes transcend rational thought. They are more akin to the imagination, which is why archetypes often shine through, not in what we know or think we know or want to know, but in the language of dreams – images. These images are often depicted in extreme forms – psyche’s way of saying, “Hey! Are you paying attention?”

            Not only do archetypes transcend and challenge rational thought – the language of the ego – but they speak to us in the language of opposites. For example, a dream image may present an anima image as insisting on a divorce (eg. A wife tells her husband abruptly that she wants to end the marriage); but the scene takes place with the husband sitting on a couch with his friend at the other end of the couch, providing solace and advice about what to do. The wife tells her husband she has exhausted all means she knows of to imitate the marriage of her parents, which is not anything close to what the husband wants for marriage. And then there’s a discussion between the husband and his friend about not fighting the anima’s demand but seeking a third way through marriage counseling. Opposites abound! You could say, here, that the image of “marriage counseling” is the primary form of unconscious language: presenting opposites, not for the purpose of integration – though that may, indeed, occur – but for the purpose of creativity and transcendence. By holding the tension between a marriage that feels confining versus a marriage that leans toward dissolution and freedom, is a place for the mystery of love. It is not so much a space that requires marriage manuals as much as psychic room for the imagination to consider and work with the opposites.

            A marriage based on ego is typically one based on adaptation, but also one that tends towards disassociation – repressing vital energies of the psyche for the purpose of keeping the peace or maintaining a semblance of love, which is actually closer to accommodation. Real marriage between real souls involves both love and hate, by necessity. We might re-label archetypal hate as momentary or chronic friction, relational spats, or all out warfare. But love and hate are potent forms of psychic energy that require mature adults to exert enormous strength and magical creativity in order to prevent their repression. Loss of the tension of love versus hate, can devolve into passivity, accommodation, and depression and anxiety, not to mention loss of trust that your partner is really there for you as an authentic individual, but only as an extension of themselves or some compromise manifestation of adaptive love. A divorce, then, from the point of view of psyche could represent a psychological split and a failure of imagination – a decision to forever separate love from hate, in favor of the hated marriage and a longed for freedom accomplished through destruction of the marital container.

            Archetypes, then, find their way into consciousness through our pathologies or sufferings, through imagination and non-rational creativity, through honoring and working with the tension of opposites, and through trust in the enormous energy experienced while engaging with archetypes. For example, love grows when hate is honored as a legitimate voice within psyche. And hate diminishes when it doesn’t have to squash itself. The archetype of the Self which represents cosmic, universal love and the unification of all opposites becomes the compass of a marriage, representing the Great Mother, who maintains and regulates the ecological balance of all psychic energies. You see this clearly in the myth of Psyche and Eros where Eros must descend into the Underworld in order to provide wisdom and strength and creativity so that Psyche can overcome her dark ordeals, and so become a suitable equal for Eros and their eventual marriage.

            It takes a very strong Ego to accomplish all of this. Archetypes can destroy a marriage, to stay with this example, if the Ego has not developed adequately. One of the most important functions of individual psychotherapy is to repair developmental wounds that hinder the Ego’s ability to work with archetypes. And one of the most important capacities of the an individual psychotherapist is the capacity to embody the energy of the Wise Sage, the Explorer, and the Wounded Healer in order to provide a loving container where individuals and couples can go deeper into the unconscious in order to bring up from the depths the reality of the Cosmic Self and the archetypal energies that can both deform and transform a human being. This is the work of alchemy, which requires careful tending and an ability to resist simple solutions or quick fixes in service to the individual soul as well as the soul of a marriage.